Electric Spark Perforating Machines, also known as Spark-Erosion Perforating Machines or Spark-Erosion Drilling Machines, represent advanced electrical processing tools utilizing Brass or Copper tubes as discharge electrodes. These machines efficiently create through holes or blind holes in conductive materials, making them invaluable in various industries.
Electric spark perforating machine working principle
The electric spark perforating machine utilizes Brass or Copper tubes as discharge electrodes. These electrodes continuously move vertically and rotate, forming a dynamic process. Applying "+, -" voltage between the electrodes and the workpiece generates high temperatures, causing the material to erode. This erosion allows the machine to create through holes or blind holes in conductive materials. Typically conducted in a liquid medium, such as pure water, this process achieves precise and controlled perforations.
Types of electrode tubes for an electric spark perforating machine
The electric spark perforating machine utilizes two main types of electrode tubes:
- Brass Tube: A type of electrode tube used in the machine, typically made of brass. Brass tubes are hollow and allow for the ejection of a high-pressure liquid medium for cooling and chip removal during the perforation process.
- Copper Tube: Another type of electrode tube used in the machine, made of copper. Like brass tubes, copper tubes are also hollow and facilitate the ejection of a high-pressure liquid medium to cool the process and remove chips.
These electrode tubes play a crucial role in the electrical processing of materials, enabling the machine to create through holes or blind holes in conductive materials with precision. The choice between brass and copper tubes depends on the specific requirements of the material being processed and the desired outcome.
The specifications of electrode tubes for an electric spark perforating machine
The specifications of electrode tubes for an electric spark perforating machine are as follows:
- Types:Brass tube and copper tube are the two main types of electrode tubes.
- Diameter Range: The diameter of the electrode tubes varies from Ф0.1mm to Ф6.0mm, with common diameters falling within the range of Ф0.3mm to Ф3.0mm.
- Length Range:The length of the electrode tubes can vary from 150mm to 1000mm.
- Hole Types:Electrode tubes can have configurations for single holes or multi-holes.
Electric spark perforating machine applications
Widely employed in mold manufacturing, aerospace, automotive, and other fields requiring high-precision metal parts processing. Examples include threading holes, spinneret plates, filter plates, engine blades,Airway Holes, Super-hard Steels and Carbide Processing,and more.
High Precision
The electric spark perforating machine excels in achieving high precision in the processing of materials.the processed holes exhibit the following characteristics of high verticality, controllable hole diameter, and accurate hole depth positioning. The machine excels in processing high-precision and high-hardness workpieces, with a hole to depth ratio exceeding 1:300.
Materials of Workpiece
Suitable for processing super-hard steels, carbide, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, mold steel, and various conductive materials. the electric spark perforating machine's capability to handle such a variety of materials makes it a valuable tool in industries requiring precision and versatility in the production of metal components. Different materials may require specific electrode tubes and processing parameters to achieve optimal results.
High-Level Automation
Equipped with a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) system, allowing automatic replacement of tubes, rotary tables, indexing heads, and other devices. This facilitates continuous processing of high-precision, complex, and large workpieces.
Liquid Medium
The electric spark perforating machine typically employs pure water as the working fluid, serving as the liquid medium during the perforation process. The use of pure water in this capacity is essential for several reasons:
- Stability of Discharge Process: Pure water ensures a stable discharge process between the electrodes and the workpiece, contributing to consistent and reliable perforations.
- Cooling:The liquid medium, in this case, pure water, plays a crucial role in cooling the machining area. It helps dissipate the heat generated during the high-temperature discharge process, preventing overheating and ensuring the longevity of the electrodes and workpiece.
- Discharge of Impurities: Pure water facilitates the efficient discharge of impurities produced during the perforation, maintaining the cleanliness of the working environment and preserving the quality of the processed material.
Using pure water as the liquid medium is a standard practice in spark-erosion perforating machines, contributing to the overall effectiveness and reliability of the perforation process.
Routine Maintenance
After each processing cycle, cleaning water stains and workpiece residue from the table is essential. Proper storage of tubes, regular checks on filters and ion exchange resin, and periodic cleaning of the electric cabinet contribute to machine longevity.
Maintenance of High-Pressure Water Pump
Running at 7-8Mpa, the water pump requires high-quality sealing rings and regular oil replacement to maintain performance and longevity.
Maintenance of Rotary Head
Similar to the water pump, the rotary head operates under high pressure. Regular replacement of sealing rings is crucial to prevent water leakage and internal bearing damage.